Chapter 13 bankruptcy is for those who earn too much or have too many assets for a straight discharge of debt. You file your declaration of assets, income and debts, and then propose a form of [court supervised] repayment plan (three to five years). The purpose is to pay enough money against your debts to keep your assets (such as a home for most people) or allocate enough income to creditors for discharge.
This plan may not work for clients with significant assets and no income to qualify. For example, Chapter 13 is not advisable for a married couple with $100,000 in equity who are not able to keep their mortgage current or pay off mortgage arrearages within five years. The most difficult part of filing for Chapter 13 protection is keeping your job long enough to complete the repayment plan.